http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
' k4 B" I) g5 p' \( U: nCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version! j8 w; K6 e5 [, M0 p( e7 I4 i
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.2 m& k# @! d4 @# W
6 ^" M' n# s5 h5 _' zConsiderations
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0 [5 K' T, Z4 D, M7 ?6 Y- wCoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract./ p; H+ `1 p$ w( N! f$ |' v. Z9 @
) f, G! t: j* R& Y7 jBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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Causes
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6 s2 f" K8 }7 E. G) HA number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:$ O! X* G1 E! g4 ?: @# T2 K
y4 X6 D0 d6 Z: J" sBlood clot in the lung, l/ P, M% ]$ @! ~
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)% p$ H; `5 i4 |- N
Bronchoscopy with biopsy
6 q1 t; T& _& ?2 E) `Bronchiectasis
' t5 U n' u. S" jBronchitis8 ~5 b2 } U4 X7 ]
Cancer2 M7 J; u* P/ h' a9 m
Cystic fibrosis, D0 l; M3 J" j3 P; u+ Y/ O5 ]% J
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
' j& A2 Z; F( o7 vInjury to the arteries of the lungs
% C* d/ K( Y3 P6 JIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
" q" _; T5 B; ]. [ w7 }9 uPneumonia or other lung infections
" D: ?( C8 b$ H2 s, pPulmonary edema0 @) W. {* k+ ]! R) E8 Q
Systemic lupus erythematosus3 C+ A1 i1 O) l: r+ ]
Tuberculosis& g2 N2 z h: x. i. y0 e
Home Care7 k! s( H& Y( t: U$ `3 Y0 U% ~
$ ^3 [& B( J: M& t& w; r$ yCough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.
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, Q* o. ~5 N! I& L+ g: T8 HWhen to Contact a Medical Professional
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:' `' |' k7 I) E3 y2 @% _: x
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A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood3 C& y$ p( z" [2 y: n
Blood in your urine or stools
5 D4 |& x' ^. C7 d5 Q1 rChest pain
: `# K& c$ }, S+ ^4 Y, p+ b+ g# W/ Y+ sDizziness Y5 v- @6 [* u# K# X, [: s
Fever
; U9 d- v2 K3 C4 X& a* O) SLight-headedness
7 E1 } F, ?: |6 e# ySevere shortness of breath
" M# k+ s/ n% P# U. g7 YWhat to Expect at Your Office Visit
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. n! ?' t7 g3 N t+ `In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:; V1 z; s$ `* W6 P( l1 z) M& w' c
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Type
( s; ?( Y A9 M. PAre you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?8 }+ ]; y/ w( B! X' u
Can you see blood when you cough up something?. N) h/ j3 X( ` H
How many times have you coughed up blood?
6 J' e1 v) j$ e$ f* y6 n. vIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?% o$ p6 r6 j x& K, n2 T
Time pattern! Q/ }+ ^' L( W7 y! I c2 `" y% F
Did it begin suddenly?- ~: {, @3 }4 x5 r' j
Has it increased recently?9 @ N" p/ i/ b. U ~# }
For how many weeks has the cough lasted?! y; w7 N; `# w% Y- P
Is the cough worse at night?
; s) z4 L1 m; C. L1 gWhat other symptoms do you have?
( g' Y9 x( v! d' m# oThe doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways1 s4 ?4 b1 ^6 K9 w+ S( o7 r0 q
Chest CT scan
; ^1 Y3 H j8 Y/ D4 UChest x-ray
, L4 j$ x& j- PComplete blood count2 @# J9 K# K- O. `0 h
Lung biopsy
- D, L0 e' d- A; eLung scan2 U7 v$ J- g6 P
Pulmonary arteriography
5 l) }( E9 i. L- t" P& U* qSputum culture and smear0 y( K) i5 \* X; f( o
Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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